Brief English Introduction
The case updates the well-known Simante capital-call dispute after the 2025 retrial. It remains important for the Article 51 duty, but the teaching point is now responsibility proportionate to fault and causal contribution, not blanket liability.
Use It For
Use this for director duties to verify and call capital contributions, the difference between shareholder contribution liability and director diligence liability, and creditor-facing capital discipline.
Teaching Notes
Students should compare the earlier 2019 Supreme People’s Court approach with the 2025 retrial report. The revised result is especially important after the 2023 Company Law expressly codified the board’s capital-call duty.